Micrometer: What It Is, How It Works, and Proper Use

Are you working on a DIY or professional project that requires precise measurement? It could be machining or any other simple project, but when precision is needed, you cannot go wrong with a micrometer. We are often introduced to such precision handheld tools at a young age but do not realize their importance in working on projects.

Today, we want to explore about what a micrometer is, why you need one, how to use it correctly, and more.

What is a Micrometer?

A micrometer is a precision handheld tool for measuring the dimensions of small objects. It can measure the diameter, thickness, or depth of an object.

Micrometers are highly precise thanks to their scale. They can measure up to a thousand of a milimeter.

Expect to come across such tools if you work in a lab. Still, you could get the same when working in an industry that needs better precision while handling some projects.

Why You Need a Micrometer

Whenever you see a micrometer symbol, precision is what comes to mind. So, other than ensuring high precision while working on a project, what are the other reasons to get a micrometer?

Quality Control

Since precise measurements can be obtained, the company’s products are better quality controlled. Precision also helps reduce waste, as you know how much material is needed.

Critical Applications

Expect industries such as metrology, engineering, and machining to rely heavily on precision. This includes ensuring the products they make have the right tolerance and still function as expected.

Great Detail

One thing about micrometers is that they are designed to offer great detail, even for small measurements. Let us say you want to measure a tube’s thickness; no other handheld tool will do a good job as a micrometer.

Versatility

When seeking a micrometer for a job, you will likely come across many market options. Some are designed only for internal dimensions, others for external dimensions, and others can measure depth. It is all about picking the right one for your needs.

Parts of a Micrometer and Their Uses

A micrometer has several important parts that make it operable. These parts include the frame, anvil, locknut, thimble, spindle, barrel, and a ratchet stop.

The frame is the C-shaped body. It is key in holding the barrel and anvil in place.

The anvil is the stationary, shiny part that the spindle moves towards. It can also keep the object in place while you move the spindle towards it.

As you have already guessed, the spindle is the shiny cylindrical part moving toward the anvil. Once it touches the object, you can take your measurements.

The barrel is the round stationary component containing the sleeve and vernier scales. It is also called the sleeve.

The Thimble, on the other hand, is used to advance the spindle into position.

The locknut helps tighten the spindle, holding it into the measuring position.

The ratchet stop applies consistent pressure based on the calibrated torque to ensure consistent and accurate measurements.

Common Micrometer Types

The micrometer inventor probably did not envision it having as many applications as it does now. To see just how important a micrometer is, first, you need to learn more about the various types available. Here are the top classifications of a micrometer you should know.

– Inner micrometer

This micrometer design makes it useful for measuring the inner dimensions of an object. For example, if you want the inner diameter of a tube, this is what you use.

– Outside micrometer

This is the opposite of the inner micrometer, as it is used to measure an object’s outside dimensions.

The outside micrometer is probably the most common type on the market and the easiest to use.

– Depth micrometer

This type of micrometer has varying lengths, which allow you to measure the depth of crevices and holes. Before buying such a micrometer, you should look at its overall limit.

There can be other variations in terms of classifications of micrometers, but they all end up in these three main types. You just have to understand their overall working principle to see if it will work for your application.

How to Read a Micrometer

When it comes to how to read a micrometer, there is nothing to worry about as it is quite simple. Here is how to do it.

1. Start by reading the sleeve scale – Look at where the thimble mechanism starts. That is where you take as the measurement for this first part.
2. Follow by reading the thimble scale – for this part, look at the reference line on the sleeve scale. It has to coincide with the measurement you pick from the thimble scale.
3. Add the two together to get the final measurement.

Considerations When Picking Micrometers

Whether you are buying a Mitutoyo micrometer or from any other brand, there are a couple of considerations to keep in mind. Here is what we recommend.

Choose based on needs

You should always choose calipers and micrometers based on your needs. Look at what you need to measure; then, you can decide whether you want a depth micrometer or an inside micrometer. This can save you a lot in the future as you would have a truly usable tool.

Accuracy

Accuracy in micrometer reading is more than what you do as a user. It comes down to how the tool is built. When someone uses a micrometer, they expect to get high precision. Ensure the micrometer you buy has the accuracy you need for the project.

Workmanship

When buying an outside micrometer or any other type, consider the workmanship and materials used as well. Most micrometers are made using stainless steel, which is good for stability and durability in the long term.

Brand Choice

Reading a micrometer from a top brand also gives you confidence that you are getting the right measurement. Take your time to learn more about the brand to see if it offers quality products before buying a micrometer tool from it.

The Price

Buying a Mitutoyo Digimatic micrometer is not the same as a laser micrometer. They will have different pricing based on functionality, brand type, and other features. So, choose a micrometer based on what it can deliver. Still, it should not be too expensive when you can get the same functionality from other brands.

Micrometer Maintenance

Micrometer maintenance is vital for the overall performance of the micrometer over the years. Start by cleaning the micrometer before and after each use. Use a lint-free cloth.

As for storage, use the micrometer case that came with it. If you do not have the case, you can always find a container that can act as a case. Remember to keep the micrometer tool away from heat, dust, oil, and mist.

The micrometer will come with instructions on how to calibrate it. Follow these standards to keep the micrometer accurate. If you use it daily, a professional could help calibrate it.

Handle the micrometer with care each time you use it. This ensures the measuring faces are not damaged.

Conclusion

A micrometer is a must-have tool for those working on projects requiring high precision. Once you have the micrometer, make sure to take good care of it so that it keeps working correctly. If the need arises, take it to a professional to help with calibrating. Take the time to look at the types of micrometers discussed to have a good understanding of what you should get for your next project.